UConfucius wathi, "ukuba ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo, kufuneka uqale ulole izixhobo zakho."
Ngokubanzi, ngokwendlela yokudaya yelaphu elidayiweyo, yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezintlanu zoomatshini bokudaya, abanje ngefayibha ekhululekileyo, isilayidi, intambo, ilaphu kunye nempahla.
Umatshini wokudaya ifayibha ekhululekileyo
1. Umatshini wokudaya ifayibha ekhululekileyo
Iqulunqwe idramu yokutshaja, itanki yokudaya ejikelezayo kunye nepompo ejikelezayo (njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo).Umgqomo unombhobho ophakathi, kwaye udonga lombhobho kunye netyhubhu ephakathi igcwele imingxuma encinci.Beka i-fiber kwi-drum, uyibeke kwi-tank yokudaya, faka kwisisombululo sokudaya, qalisa ipompo ejikelezayo, kwaye ufudumeze ukudaya.Isisombululo sedayi siphuma kumbhobho ophakathi wesigubhu, sidlula kwi-fiber kunye nodonga lombhobho ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle, kwaye emva koko ubuyela kumbhobho ophakathi ukuze wenze ukujikeleza.Abanye oomatshini bokudaya befiber isambuku benziwe ngepani eyiconical, itanki yokudaya kunye nempompo ejikelezayo.Umphantsi wobuxoki kunye nesiciko se-pan ye-conical sigcwele imingxuma.Xa udaya, faka ifayibha ekhululekileyo embizeni, uyigqume ngokuqinileyo, uze uyibeke kwitanki yokudaya.Ulwelo oludayayo luphuma kwisigqubuthelo sembiza ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ukuya kumazantsi obuxoki ngompompo wokujikeleza ukwenza umjikelezo wokudaya.
2. Umatshini oqhubekayo wokudaya ifayibha
Ihlanganiswe ne-hopper, i-conveyor belt, i-rolling roller, ibhokisi ye-steam, njl.Emva kokuqengqeleka yi-roller rolling engamanzi, ingena kwi-steamer.Emva kokutshisa, hlamba isepha kunye nokuhlamba amanzi.
Umatshini wokudaya ngeSliver
1. Umatshini wokudaya ibhola yoboya
Iyeyezixhobo zokudaya iibhetshi, kwaye isakhiwo sayo esiphambili siyafana nomatshini wokudaya we-bulk bulk fiber.Ngexesha lokudaya, faka inxeba lomgca kwibhola engenanto kwi-cylinder kwaye uqinise i-cylinder cover.Ngaphantsi kokuqhutywa kwempompo ejikelezayo, ulwelo oludayayo lungena kwibhola yoboya ukusuka ngaphandle kwesilinda ngomngxuma wodonga, kwaye emva koko luphuma luphuma kwindawo ephezulu yetyhubhu ephakathi.Ukudaya kuyaphindwa de ukudaya kugqitywe.
2. Umatshini wokudaya iphedi oqhubekayo
Ulwakhiwo luyafana nelo lomatshini wokudaya isambuku esisambuku.Ibhokisi yomphunga ngokuqhelekileyo "J" emile ngezixhobo zokomisa.
Umatshini wokudaya ngemisonto
1. Umatshini wokudaya weHank
Ikakhulu iqulunqwe itanki yokudaya isikwere, inkxaso, ityhubhu ethwele intambo kunye nempompo ejikelezayo.Yeyesixhobo sokudaya ngamaxesha athile.Hang umsonto we-hank kwityhubhu yokuthwala yenkxaso kwaye uyifake kwitanki yokudaya.Ulwelo oludayayo luhamba kwi-hank phantsi kokuqhutywa kwempompo ejikelezayo.Kwezinye iimodeli, ityhubhu yokuthwala intambo inokujikeleza kancinci.Kukho imingxuma emincinci eludongeni lwetyhubhu, kwaye ulwelo lwedayi luyakhutshwa kwimingxuma emincinci kwaye luqukuqele kwi-hank.
(Umzobo weSchematic womatshini wokudaya weHank)
2. Umatshini wokudaya ikhowuni
Ikakhulu yenziwe ngetanki yokudaya eyicylindrical, icreel, itanki yokugcina ulwelo kunye nempompo ejikelezayo.Yeyezixhobo zokudaya iibhetshi.Umsonto uhlatywa kwityhubhu yengcongolo okanye kwityhubhu enombhobho yeconical uze ufakwe kumkhono onentunja webhobhini kwitanki yokudaya.Ulwelo lwedayi luphumela kumkhono onemingxuma webhobhin ngempompo ejikelezayo, kwaye emva koko luqukuqelele ngaphandle ukusuka kwindawo engaphakathi yomsonto webhobhini.Emva kwethuba elithile lexesha, ukuqukunjelwa okubuyela umva kunokuqhutywa.Umlinganiselo webhafu yokudaya jikelele umalunga ne 10:1-5:1.
3. Umatshini wokudaya we-Wap
Ikakhulu yenziwe ngetanki yokudaya eyicylindrical, i-warp shaft, itanki yokugcina ulwelo kunye nempompo ejikelezayo.Sisixhobo sokudaya ibhetshi.Yayisetyenziselwa ukudaya i-warp, ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukudaya okucacileyo kwamalaphu axengaxengayo, ngakumbi amalaphu anithiweyo efiber warp.Ngexesha lokudaya, umsonto we-warp okanye ilaphu lifakwa kwi-warp shaft ezele yimingxuma emva koko ifakwe kwitanki yokudaya eyicylindrical.Ulwelo oludayayo lutyhutyha umsonto okanye ilaphu kwishafti ye-warp enomngxuma ukusuka kumngxuma omncinci we-warp shaft egobileyo phantsi kwesenzo sempompo ejikelezayo, kwaye ibuyisela umva ukuhamba rhoqo.Umatshini wokudaya we-warp unokusetyenziselwa ukudaya ukukhanya kunye nomgca obhityileyoamalaphu.
4. Ukudaya iphedi ye-warp (ukudaywa kwepulp)
Ukudaya i-warp pad kusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenzwa kwe-denim ngombala we-warp kunye ne-white weft.Kukwazisa inani elithile leeshafti ezicekethekileyo kwitanki yokudaya nganye, kunye nokuqaphela ukudaywa kwe-indigo (okanye i-sulfide, ukunciphisa, ngokuthe ngqo, ukugquma) iidayi emva kokudipha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuqengqeleka okuninzi, kunye ne-oxidation yokuphefumla kaninzi.Emva kokumiswa kwangaphambili kunye nokulinganisa, umsonto we-warp kunye nombala ofanayo unokufumaneka, onokuthi usetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo ukuluka.Itanki yokudaya ngexesha lokudaya i-warp pad ingaba yi-multiple (umatshini weshiti) okanye enye (umatshini wokukhala).Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nokulinganisa sibizwa ngokuba yi-sheet daying kunye ne-sizeing machine edibeneyo.
5. Umatshini wokudaya umsonto wesonka
Kuyafana nokudayilwa kwefiber exekileyo kunye nomsonto wekhowuni.
Umatshini wokudaya ngelaphu
Ngokwemilo kunye neempawu zokudaya ilaphu, lahlulwe laba ngumatshini wokudaya ngentambo, umatshini wokudaya uqengqeleka, umatshini wokudaya uqengqeleka kunye nomatshini wokudaya wepad oqhubekayo.Ezi zintathu zokugqibela zizixhobo zokudaya ezisicaba.Amalaphu oboya, amalaphu anithiweyo kunye namanye amalaphu akhubazeke ngokulula adaywa kakhulu ngoomatshini bokudaya bentambo, ngelixa amalaphu omqhaphu edayiwe ubukhulu becala ngoomatshini bokudaya ububanzi osicaba.
1. Umatshini wokudaya ngentambo
Ngokuqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cylinder ngaphandle kwemibhobho, ikakhulu yenziwe itanki yokudaya, i-circular okanye i-elliptical basket roller, kwaye sisixhobo sokudaya ibhetshi.Ngexesha lokudaya, ilaphu lintywiliselwa kwibhafu yokudaya ngendlela ekhululekileyo kunye negobileyo, iphakanyiswe yi-roller yebhasikithi ngokusebenzisa i-roller ye-cloth ye-cloth, ize iwele kwindawo yokuhlambela.Ilaphu lidityaniswe intloko nomsila kwaye lijikeleza.Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudaya, ilaphu lintywiliselwa kwibhafu yokudaya kwindawo ekhululekileyo ixesha elininzi, kwaye ukuxinezeleka kuncinci.Umlinganiselo webhafu jikelele ngu 20:1 ~ 40:1.Ngenxa yokuba ibhafu inkulu, i-cylinder yokutsala iphelile ngoku.
Ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1960s, iintlobo zezixhobo ezisanda kuphuhliswa zomatshini wokudaya ngentambo ziquka umatshini wokudaya ijethi, umatshini wokudaya obushushu obuqhelekileyo, umatshini wokudaya ukuhamba komoya, njl njl. encinci, ngoko ifanelekile ukudaywa kweentlobo ngeentlobo kunye namalaphu amancinci e-synthetic fiber.Ikakhulu yenziwe ngetanki yokudaya, i-ejector, umbhobho wesikhokelo selaphu, isitshintshi sobushushu kunye nempompo ejikelezayo.Ngexesha lokudaya, ilaphu lidityaniswe intloko nomsila.Ilaphu liphakanyiswa kwibhafu yokudaya nge-roller yesikhokelo selaphu.Iqhutywa kumbhobho wesikhokelo selaphu ngokuhamba kolwelo olukhutshwe yi-ejector.Emva koko iwela kwibhafu yokudaya kwaye intywiliselwe kwibhafu yokudaya ngendlela ekhululekileyo negobileyo kwaye iqhubela phambili ngokucothayo.Ilaphu liphinde liphakanyiswe yirola yelaphu elikhokelayo ukuze lijikelezwe.Ulwelo lwedayi luqhutywa yimpompo ephezulu yamandla, idlula kwi-heat exchanger, kwaye ikhawuleza yi-ejector.Umlinganiselo webhafu jikelele ngu-5:1 ~ 10:1.
Oku kulandelayo ngumzobo oguqukayo wohlobo lwe-L, uhlobo lwe-O kunye nohlobo lwe-U-uhlobo lomatshini wokudaya wejethi:
(O uhlobo)
(L uhlobo)
(Udidi lwe-U)
(Umatshini wokudaya ukuhamba komoya)
2. Jigger
Sisixhobo sokudaya esisicaba ekudala simi.Ikakhulu yenziwe ngetanki yokudaya, ilaphu elilaphu kunye nelaphu lesikhokelo, eyesixhobo sokudaya ngamaxesha athile.Ilaphu liqale lihlatywe kumqulu wokuqala welaphu libe ngububanzi obusicaba, lize lifakwe komnye umqulu welaphu emva kokudlula kulwelo lokudaya.Xa eli laphu sele liza kulimala, liphinda liphindiselwe kumqulu wokuqala welaphu.Ukujija nganye kubizwa ngokuba yipasi enye, kwaye njalo de ukudaya kugqitywe.Umlinganiselo webhafu jikelele ngu-3:1 ～ 5:1.Abanye oomatshini bokujija baxhotyiswe ngolawulo oluzenzekelayo olufana noxinzelelo lwelaphu, ukujika kunye nesantya sokubaleka, ezinokunciphisa ukuxinana kwelaphu kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina kwabasebenzi.Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ngumbono wecandelo lejigger.
3. Umatshini wokudaya
Kukudityaniswa komatshini wokudaya ovulekileyo ophakathi kunye noqhubekayo.Ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngelitye lokusila kunye negumbi lokufudumeza kunye negumbi lokugquma.Ilitye lokuntywilisela lenziwe yimoto eqengqelekayo kunye netanki yolwelo eqengqelekayo.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeemoto eziqengqelekayo: imiqulu emibini kunye nemiqulu emithathu.Imiqulu ilungiselelwe phezulu naphantsi okanye ekhohlo nasekunene.Uxinzelelo phakathi kwemiqulu lunokutshintshwa.Emva kokuba indwangu ifakwe kwi-liquid yokudaya kwi-tank ejikelezayo, icinezelwe yi-roller.Ulwelo oludayayo lungena kwilaphu, kwaye ulwelo lokudaya olugqithisileyo lusaqukuqela kwitanki yokuqengqeleka.Ilaphu lingena kwigumbi lokugquma kwaye libotshwe kumqulu omkhulu kumqulu welaphu.Ijikeleziswa kancinane kwaye ipakishwe ixesha elithile phantsi kweemeko ezimanzi nezishushu ukudaya kancinane umsinga.Esi sixhobo sifanelekile kwibhetshi encinci kunye neentlobo ezininzi ezivulekileyo zokudaya ububanzi.Olu hlobo lomatshini wokudaya lusetyenziselwa ukudaya ibhetshi ebandayo kwiifektri ezininzi, njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ulandelayo:
4. Umatshini wokudaya iphedi oqhubekayo
Ingumatshini wokudaya oqhubekayo othe tyaba onemveliso ephezulu kwaye ufanelekile kwizixhobo zokudaya zeentlobo ezinkulu zebhetshi.Ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngokuqengqeleka kwediphu, ukomisa, ukubila okanye ukubhaka, ukuhlamba umcaba kunye nezinye iiyunithi.Imodi yokudibanisa yomatshini ixhomekeke kubume bedayi kunye neemeko zenkqubo.Ukuqengqeleka kwediphu kudla ngokuqhutywa ziimoto eziqengqelekayo ezimbini okanye ezintathu.Ukomisa kushushu nge-infrared ray, umoya oshushu okanye isilinda esomileyo.Ubushushu bokufudumala kwe-infrared ray bufana, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kokumisa kuphantsi.Emva kokumisa, umphunga okanye ubhake ukudaya ngokupheleleyo ifayibha, kwaye ekugqibeleni uqhube isepha kunye nokuhlamba kwamanzi.Umatshini wokudaya we-pad oqhubekayo unyibilike ufanelekile ukusasaza idayi yokudaya.
Oku kulandelayo yitshati yokuqukuqela yomatshini wokudaya wepad oqhubekayo:
5. Umatshini wokudaya impahla
Umatshini wokudaya ingubo ufanelekile kwibhetshi encinci kunye neentlobo ezikhethekileyo zokudaya iingubo, kunye neempawu zokuguquguquka, ukukhululeka kunye nesantya.Umgaqo umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-26-2021